The map shows the proportion of the population that speaks neither English nor French.

Overall in Canada, 1.9% of the population speaks neither English nor French. Among the provinces this proportion is highest in Nunavut with 5.7%, where 52.9% of the population has an indigenous language (almost all Inuktituk) as mother tongue. with another 10.2% listing multiple mother tongues.

Generally the proportion is higher in the metropolitan areas, which attract a higher portion of recent immigrants to Canada. Among the largest census metropolitan areas Vancouver has the highest proportion with 5.4%, followed by Toronto with 4.3%, Calgary with 2.3%, and Montreal with 1.6%. But even smaller census metropolitan areas can have high rates, for example Abbotsford with 5.5%.

The cities with the highest rates are Richmond and Markham with 10.5% and 10.2%, respectively.

Compare this to the corresponding map based on 2016 data.